Caspar, just finishing an evaluation of programming in a volatile setting where the default was projects and this reinforced by how people assessed in the organisation.

In the aid and development industry, disbursement of funds and activities are regularly the assessed elements. Add in Prince II as the default project training tool and we have the recipe (within a regular setting you highlight regarding ambiguity in strategy and impact expected from projects) and we are certainly removed from a large projected civil engineering (say) project / programme.

Yes, on tailoring competences, and their assessment, to specific industries. Cut my teeth writing national vocational qualifications for the meat industry in the UK - we borrowed, adapted and adopted from different sources and came to learn one size never fits all but core principles are to be built on.